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00648_Field_PEKING.txt
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1995-01-22
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PEKING (BEIJING): The capital of CHINA and
home of the emperor, who lived in an
enormous imperial compound called the
Forbidden City. Peking, which literally means
"northern capital," was first made capital of
CHINA by the Chin dynasty (265-420 A.D.). For
many centuries, during the division of CHINA,
it served as capital to smaller states in the
region. The Mongol YUAN DYNASTY (1271-
1368) chose it as their capital because of its
proximity to their homeland to the north of
CHINA. They called the city Khanbalik. Under
the MING DYNASTY (1368-1644) the capital
was moved to Nanking (literally, "southern
capital"), although Peking still maintained its
importance as an imperial city. Like the
Mongols, the Manchu CH'ING DYNASTY (1644-
1912) also chose Peking as their capital, and
it has remained capital of CHINA until today.
(See also China article).